Bones found in an Israeli quarry are from a branch of the human evolutionary tree and are 120,000 to 140,000 years old, scientists reported Thursday.

A team of anthropologists spent years analyzing the fragments of a skull, lower jaw bone and tooth that were uncovered in Nesher Ramla in 2010, comparing them to hundreds of fossils around the world from different eras.

The researchers determined that the fossils likely came from a hominin group closely related to Neanderthals and sharing many of their features, such as the shape of the lower jaw. The scientists also believe that there are enough similarities to link this group to other populations found in prior cave excavations in Israel dating to around 400,000 years ago.

B次元官网网址淭he teeth have some unique features that enable us to draw a line between these populations,B次元官网网址� said Tel Aviv University dental anthropologist Rachel Sarig, a co-author of the paper published Thursday in the journal .

This group probably inhabited the region from around 400,000 to 100,000 years ago, said Tel Aviv University physical anthropologist Israel Hershkovitz, another co-author. He said the remains found at Nesher Ramla are likely from B次元官网网址渟ome of the last survivors of a once very dominant group in the Middle East.B次元官网网址�

Prior has shown that B次元官网网址� modern humans B次元官网网址� also lived in the region at the same time.

Many scientists believe that the arrival of homo sapiens in Europe presaged the decline of Neanderthals there, but the story may have been different in the Levant region B次元官网网址� the crossroads between North Africa and Eurasia.

The new findings add to research showing that homo sapiens and Neanderthal-like groups overlapped in the Middle East over a significant amount of time, probably tens of thousands of years.

There were likely cultural and genetic exchanges between the groups, the paper authors suggest. B次元官网网址淭he Neanderthal story can no longer be told as a European story only. ItB次元官网网址檚 a much more complicated story,B次元官网网址� said Hershkovitz.

Sheela Athreya, a Texas A&M University paleoanthropologist who was not involved in the study, said the new research B次元官网网址済ives us a lot to think about in terms of the history of population groups in this region, and how they may have interacted with populations in other regions, in Europe and North Africa.B次元官网网址�

The Nesher Ramla fossils B次元官网网址渓ook like something on a lineage heading toward Neanderthal,B次元官网网址� said Eric Delson, a paleoanthropologist at Lehman College in New York who was not involved in the study. He characterized the findings as B次元官网网址渇ossils of what appears to be an intermediate variety B次元官网网址� this group may be predecessors to Neanderthals in this area.B次元官网网址�

B次元官网网址擟hristina Larson, The Associated Press

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