Bats are fascinating creatures, and theyB次元官网网址檙e more important than many people realize. A bat can eat more than 1,000 insects in an hour B次元官网网址� up to 6,000 a night. Some bats consume bugs that attack agricultural crops and some feast on pests like gnats and mosquitoes. The 25 million free-tailed bats in Bracken Cave, Tex., eat more than 200 tonnes of insects every summer night.
Some bats are also pollinators. Without the services of the Mexican long-tongued bat, the agave plant, from which we get tequila, might not survive. So, right off the bat (sorry), if you like tequila but not mosquito bites, you should view bats as your friends.
ThereB次元官网网址檚 more. Because of their role in insect control, pollination and seed dispersal, bats are a key part of the interconnected web of life that makes growing food possible. Even their nitrogen-rich poop makes good fertilizer. Bats do so much for us. Maybe itB次元官网网址檚 time we returned the favour B次元官网网址� especially considering the dire threats many bat populations face.
But some people are afraid of bats. Much of this is based on misconceptions about the worldB次元官网网址檚 only flying mammal: bats will drink your blood, give you rabies or get stuck in your hair. Although the three species of vampire bats in Central and South America do feed on blood, they prefer to drink from cows, goats, pigs and chickens. And rabies is rare in bats. Fewer than 40 people have contracted rabies from wild bats over the past 50 years. And despite expressions like B次元官网网址渂lind as a bat,B次元官网网址� bats can actually see quite well, and have the added advantage of echolocation for navigating, so theyB次元官网网址檙e unlikely to fly into you or your hair.
Many of the 1,200 known species of bats, representing a quarter of all mammal species, are in trouble. And we humans deserve much of the blame. About half the worldB次元官网网址檚 bat species are threatened or endangered, mainly due to habitat destruction, pollution and direct harm by humans.
Other threats are more mysterious. Bats in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and other parts of Eastern North America are being wiped out by white-nose syndrome. A fungus causes the bats to warm and wake from hibernation in cold weather before insects are available, so they starve or die of exposure. Scientists are trying to learn why the fungus affects the bats this way, and where it comes from, but they have yet to find conclusive answers. They believe it could be an invasive species of fungus, imported from Europe through human activity, to which North American bats havenB次元官网网址檛 built up immunity.
A committee of experts has recommended that CanadaB次元官网网址檚 environment minister issue an emergency order to protect the bats under the Species at Risk Act, but the government has yet to respond. One of the greatest fears is that the fungus could spread to other bat populations, and maybe even jump the Rocky Mountains, unless we act quickly.
New Brunswick zoologist Don McAlpine told CBC B次元官网网址 that, because they provide natural pest control, B次元官网网址渢he loss of bats could add billions of dollars to the cost of producing food.B次元官网网址�
Besides protecting bats through legislation, people can also help by building them homes. Different bats require different types of houses, but all should be south-facing and mounted at least four metres off the ground. This will help bats in the face of increasing habitat loss, and may also discourage them from roosting in your home or garage.
We also need to have proper environmental assessments before wind turbines are installed, to reduce harm to bats and minimize other environmental impacts. Scientists suspect that dead bats found near wind-power installations (most of which are migratory species) were killed by air pressure drops rather than contact with blades. With proper environmental reviews and more research about the causes of death and ways to reduce or prevent it, we can enjoy the benefits of clean wind power without putting bats at risk.
Like so many other living things, bats illustrate how everything in nature is interconnected and that harming one plant or animal or ecosystem has cascading effects that touch us all. If we donB次元官网网址檛 do everything we can to help bats, weB次元官网网址檒l all suffer B次元官网网址� and not just from mosquito bites.
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