B.C.B次元官网网址檚 fifth modern treaty took effect April 5, formalizing self-government for the TlaB次元官网网址檃min Nation on B.C.B次元官网网址檚 Sunshine Coast.

The settlement includes Crown and reserve land in the Powell River area, in a traditional territory that includes Lasqueti, Texada and Cortes Islands as well as Comox on Vancouver Island.

It transfers 6,405 hectares of former provincial Crown land, including forest and mineral rights, plus a $33.9 million capital transfer and a $7.9 million economic development fund. Since the agreement was signed two years ago, the TlaB次元官网网址檃min have endorsed a constitution that Chief Clint Williams said ensures transparent and accountable government.

B次元官网网址淚 think it gives us a little more leverage in speaking with B.C. and Canada, as we will own the land that weB次元官网网址檙e trying to conduct business on,B次元官网网址� Williams said.

TlaB次元官网网址檃min elder Elsie Paul had a more personal take on the long-awaited treaty.

B次元官网网址淲e canB次元官网网址檛 be stuck where weB次元官网网址檝e been stuck forever, where weB次元官网网址檙e on reserve land, just for us,B次元官网网址� she said. B次元官网网址淚t feels like youB次元官网网址檙e trapped there. And hopefully, those gates have opened, to also welcome people to come to our community.

B次元官网网址淏ecause in the past, in my growing up years, we never had friends, people from Powell River or anywhere else. We were not allowed to have visitors, and we were not allowed to mingle in town with white people.B次元官网网址�

Communities can also look to the example of the Tsawwassen First Nation, which has attracted $1 billion in new investment since its treaty was implemented in 2009.

Aboriginal Relations Minister John Rustad said the TlaB次元官网网址檃min treaty shows the B.C. Treaty Commission is still working, despite having gone without a chief commissioner since the province refused to appoint one a year ago.

Rustad said that was a signal from the B.C. government that it canB次元官网网址檛 carry on at the current pace, which has seen one treaty on average every three years.

B次元官网网址淎nd so if you do the extrapolation, we have 203 bands, thatB次元官网网址檚 over 600 years of negotiations,B次元官网网址� Rustad told me. B次元官网网址淎nd even if we could find a way to accelerate that to the point where weB次元官网网址檙e celebrating a new treaty every year, that is still 200 years of negotiations.

B次元官网网址淎nd that is why we didnB次元官网网址檛 go forward with a chief commissioner. We have to find a way to be able to do something more effectively.B次元官网网址�

It gets worse. The Lheidli TB次元官网网址檈nneh First Nation near Prince George completed a treaty after years of work, only to see it rejected by a community vote in 2007. After nearly a decade, a second vote is scheduled for this fall.

And the Yale First Nation was to implement its treaty this month, but the new council for the 160-member village in the Fraser Canyon confirmed to Rustad last week that they want out.

The Yale agreement has been controversial from the start, with the larger Sto:lo Nation viewing the community as a splinter group controlling fishing sites contested for thousands of years. But the new Yale council is more sympathetic to the Sto:lo, so the latest setback could turn into a positive.

There have been previous efforts to deal with aboriginal rights and title on a broader scale. The latest one foundered after aboriginal leaders rejected a province-wide proposal offered by former premier Gordon Campbell.

Similar to the Sto:lo, the TlaB次元官网网址檃min have a history of territorial overlap with the Klahoose, Sechelt and others.

Paul said there is a tradition of working together in her home region.

WeB次元官网网址檙e building relationships with our neighbours, as well as building relationships with our neighbouring First Nations communities,B次元官网网址� she said.

Tom Fletcher is B.C. legislature reporter and columnist for Black Press. Email: tfletcher@blackpress.ca Twitter: @tomfletcherbc